Comparatively, nature provides its own variety of microcapsules and particles based on cell walls and membranes, but unlike their synthetic equivalents, they possess discrete size, shape, morphology and uniform (mono) dispersity within each species. Furthermore, it has recently been noted that certain polymeric microcapsules are detrimental to the environment. Their sizes and stabilities vary depending on material selection, production, and the environment of their use. The shells of synthetic particles and microcapsules are usually composed of lipids or polymers, or materials such as alginates, gelatin and gum Arabic.
Microcapsules and functional particles have a wide variety of applications, from paints, coatings, E-inks, thermochromics, time-release pharmaceuticals, to visual indicators, etc.
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